Diagnostic testing is an important tool that veterinarians use to understand the cause and seriousness of a disease. Traditionally, this involved a trade-off between speed or accuracy, but improvements in qPCR testing are bringing point-of-care molecular diagnostics into practical use.
Diagnostic tests fit into two categories: tests that are carried out at the veterinary clinic at the point-of-care (POC) or tests carried out at remote sites such as a reference laboratory.
Typically, tests performed at a laboratory are more complex and need experienced technicians to perform them. On the other hand, POC tests are simple, easy to perform, and less likely to generate erroneous results. They are also more amenable to automation.
Since POC tests can be performed at the clinic itself, they have a faster turnaround time than other tests. This has improved the standard of care in companion animal medicine. However, diagnostic tests for infectious diseases rely on reference laboratories for a definitive diagnosis. This, coupled with the sub-optimal performance of available POC tests based on microscopy, serology, or antigen detection, leaves the veterinarian with inadequate information for developing an evidence-based treatment plan.
Neither option was completely satisfactory, but there were no other practical options available until recently.
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